Dispatching

Automation and control tasks in building sectorХ

One of the main tasks in the development of housing and communal services is the increasing level of technical equipment of engineering objects and the use of modern information technology to control their work. First of all, it objects energoresursoobespecheniya – boilers and central heating units, pump booster station and energoresursopotrebleniya facilities – industrial, residential and administrative buildings.

Automation and control has several objectives:

– comfort of consumers;

– energy savings;

– process safety;

– reduction of operating costs;

– commercial accounting of resource consumption.

Building automation systems

The lower level is all dispatching systems test equipment, automated control devices. By means of communication channels which can be of different nature, the connection is of automation and operator stations scheduling.

The trend today – the refusal of the local control device to a predetermined logic operation and equipping of universal programmable controllers. Versatility is provided by supporting a wide range of standard signals and types of interfaces for connection of equipment – the actuators and the sensors. On the basis of programmable controllers, according to arbitrary technical project engineer can create a control system for each individual object, with all its features and additional customer requirements.

Communication in automation systems

Automation device should be combined with each other digital data transmission lines, which creates a common information area for automation and control systems, in which there are life support subsystem having a different nature and purpose. The best option – use of the equipment of one manufacturer for all subsystems, but it is not always possible in practice. There are standard protocols of communication devices in automation systems, such as MODBUS, CAN, LON, BACNET, etc. The basis of most of them is an industry standard protocol physical layer -. RS-485, using a two-wire line, to which are connected automation devices (controllers). If we talk about such a technically rich objects as ‘intelligent’ building, there can often be present equipment with different communication protocols. However, their interaction and the very existence of the operator automation system remains invisible.

local dispatch

The dispatch management object or group of objects or systems can be arranged on different hardware platforms. Devices for monitoring and control (scheduling) operator panels are typically mounted in close proximity to the equipment. Their main purpose – to local monitoring and control of automated installations conducted by personnel operating the service responsible for the specific area. The panels have an alphanumeric or graphic multicolor displays. Controls are keypads or displays equipped with the sensor.

For supervisory control of large groups of systems and equipment used by the operator stations on the basis of a personal computer (PC), and, depending on the requirements, it can be a conventional desktop workstation or station in a dust- and waterproof design, mounted in a server rack. To output data dispatching station is usually equipped with a printing device (printer). The most commonly used operating system for top-level dispatch life support systems – Microsoft Windows 2000 / XP Professional or Server. data warehouse, usually serves as the base of Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle database.